::COMPUTER IN EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH - research process on educational research rocess, literature review and plagiarisme ::

During our last two week classes, we are studying on a educational research process. Scientific research involves a systematic process that focuses on being objective and gathering a multitude of information for analysis so that the researcher can come to a conclusion. This process is used in all research and evaluation projects, regardless of the research method (scientific method of inquiry, evaluation research, or action research). Here are the steps to carry out an educational research process.

 

Besides studied on educational research process, we also studied on the literature review process. Based on my understanding, this website is a literature review is an account of what has been published on a topic by accredited scholars and researchers. This website can enlarge your knowledge about the topic, writing a literature review lets you gain and demonstrate skills in two areas which is information seeking and critical appraisal. Information seeking is the ability to scan the literature efficiently, using manual or computerized methods, to identify a set of useful articles and books. Whereas critical appraisal: the ability to apply principles of analysis to identify unbiased and valid studies. These are some basic questions that we can apply when using the literature review websites.

Ask yourself questions like these about each book or article you include:

1. Has the author formulated a problem/issue?
2. Is it clearly defined? Is its significance (scope, severity, relevance) clearly established?
3. Could the problem have been approached more effectively from another perspective?
4. What is the author's research orientation (e.g., interpretive, critical science, combination)?
5. What is the author's theoretical framework (e.g., psychological, developmental, feminist)?
6. What is the relationship between the theoretical and research perspectives?
7. Has the author evaluated the literature relevant to the problem/issue? Does the author include literature taking positions she or he does not agree with?
8. In a research study, how good are the basic components of the study design (e.g., population, intervention, outcome)? How accurate and valid are the measurements? Is the analysis of the data accurate and relevant to the research question? Are the conclusions validly based upon the data and analysis?
9. In material written for a popular readership, does the author use appeals to emotion, one-sided examples, or rhetorically-charged language and tone? Is there an objective basis to the reasoning, or is the author merely "proving" what he or she already believes?
10. How does the author structure the argument? Can you "deconstruct" the flow of the argument to see whether or where it breaks down logically (e.g., in establishing cause-effect relationships)?
11. In what ways does this book or article contribute to our understanding of the problem under study, and in what ways is it useful for practice? What are the strengths and limitations?
 

we also learnt on the structures of plagiarism websites. Plagiarisms can be define as  "the deliberate or reckless representation of another's words, thoughts, or ideas as one's own without attribution in connection with submission of academic work, whether graded or otherwise." (Instrument of Student Judicial Governance, Section II.B.1.).When you commit plagiarism, you will most certainly be guaranteed to lose all of your credibility. Though you do not think that you will be found out, you will actually be found out a lot quicker than you realize. There are a number of tools and technologies that can be used to detect plagiarism in as little as five minute’s time. Just think of how blown you will be when your teacher or someone comes to you to inform you that they know you committed plagiarism. Then, the word will get out, and your credibility will be completely and totally shot. These are some ways that we can use to avoid ourselves from being a plagiarisms victims.

1.  Paraphrase - Never use someone else's words - substituting synonyms is also a no-no. Don't use their sentence structure either. Write everything in your own words as you understand it. The best way to do this is to go through the required reading material and then put it all away when you start writing. Refer to it only after you are done to check if you have got all the facts right.
2. Quotation Marks - If you need to use what someone else has written or said in your writing, write their exact words and put them in quotation marks. If you are omitting certain sections, put '......' in between words to indicate this. If you are incorporating a word or words so that the sentence makes reading sense, put those words in square brackets '[like this]'.
3. Cite Sources - You can either write 'According to Professor so-and-so....' or 'Professor so-and-so states that....' or you can provide links to websites you have referred to or you can list the sources after your article or do all the above.
4. Manage your time - If you have to meet a deadline, start work early. So you have plenty of time to research and write. Lack of time is one reason many people - especially stressed-out students - intentionally or unintentionally plagiarize.